2023

Kiwis, and paw paws, and pears, oh my!

The cool, frosty weather may have you believe that your farmers are kicking back, relaxing, and waiting around for spring, and while it does become much easier to stop working and rest when the sun sets at 4:30pm, there’s still plenty to accomplish within the limited daylight hours of November! Now that we no longer need to harvest fresh flowers, tomatoes, and peppers, time abounds for the less urgent but equally important tasks. Recently, the orchard has been the lucky recipient of this extra time and attention.

The former owners (and parents of our lovely and supportive neighbor, Peggy) had grown a variety of fruit trees on the property before Aaron, Caitlin, Rachel, and Elise (or, for convenience, ACRE) purchased the land back in 2014. Check out the orchard map drawn by Peggy’s parents! Many of the trees suffered damage due to severe weather and pest pressure over the years, and ACRE have always been excited about reviving the orchard.

Jaime, Shannon, and Kathleen have done a fabulous job of laying down compost and mulching the orchard. It’s no easy feat on a farm with minimal mechanization!

Two seasons ago, under Elise’s expert management, we planted two rows of hardy kiwis and a row of paw paws. The hardy kiwi vines have been steadily growing around their trellis, which Aaron constructed for them. Both the kiwis and paw paws should begin bearing fruit in about three years. This year, we added even more trees, including seckel pears, Asian pears, quince, and medlar (shout out to Cricket Hill Garden, who started these trees, for their skill and expertise). It will likely take five to seven years until the pears, quince, and medlar provide fruit enough to bring to the farmers’ market table.  It’s exciting to make investments in these perennial crops, and hopefully, they provide something to look forward to for our community of steadfast customers.

The kiwis make themselves at home on their trellis!

November brings other more routine projects as well. 

For one, garlic planting! Rachel, Kathleen, Isa, and I planted 2,400 cloves of seed garlic earlier this month. The cloves must be planted at least 6 inches deep to prevent the freeze-thaw cycle from pushing them up to the soil surface, where they would succumb to damage from the cold. The beds are then heavily mulched with leaves to keep them warm and safe from erosion through the winter and from weeds in the spring. We’ll keep an eye on the beds to see if they need any irrigation in the springtime. Other than that, we’ll work with the garlic next when we harvest scapes in June 2024. See you next summer, garlic!

For two, tulip planting! Our tulips are planted in a 100 ft-long raised bed, which is deconstructed and reconstructed in a new location each season as part of the farm’s crop rotation plan (dutifully managed by Rachel). We lay out the bulbs from earliest to latest blooming variety in an “egg carton” fashion and then cover them in a deep layer of compost. Is it a tedious process? Yes. Is it also very rewarding? Yes, at least for those of us who enjoy order, straight lines, and the look of a smooth bed top at the end.

Caley and Shannon lay the groundwork.

Tulip bulbs, egg-carton-style.

Almost there…

Planting complete!

From all of us at Four Root Farm, we hope that everyone enjoyed their Thanksgiving holiday! We hope that we provided delicious produce for your meal and maybe even an everlasting bouquet for your table. We are grateful for you, our community and customers. We are honored and excited to continue growing food and flowers for you; from the garlic and tulips of next season to the kiwis, paws paws, and pears of the years to come.

The most wonderful time of the year

Here’s my hot take: October is the best time to be a farmer.

Exhibit A: The food is the best.

Not only are the sweet peppers, tomatoes, and eggplants still hanging in there, but fall brassicas are back in action. Bok choy, mustard greens, and hakurei turnips have returned. As if that wasn’t good enough, the long season crops like onions and ginger are also available! And, as icing on the cake, fall-only crops like radicchio and collards have joined the party. Literally, what else could you ask for? And don’t say sugar snap peas, smarty pants.

Exhibit B: The weather is perfect.

I have been basking in the sun these past few weeks. In comparison to the August rays from which I make desperate attempts to hide my Scandinavian skin, the October sunshine feels like a warm bath. It makes me believe that I’m the one photosynthesizing. And the cooler temperatures are absolutely delightful. Pulling on a cozy hat and sweater and enjoying the crisp, fall breeze while harvesting is definitely the best way to start the day.

Exhibit C: Cleaning up is fun.

I feel like I’m losing you, but stick with me. Sure, cleaning up isn’t the most glamorous, Instagram-worthy farming activity. Oh boy, is it satisfying though. Landscape fabrics and row covers abandoned in the field during the busy summer months are neatly rolled up and tucked in the barn. Stakes are pulled out of the ground and stacked in tidy bunches until trellising time next year. Cleaning up also includes preparing the fields for winter, which on Four Root Farm means cover cropping with oats and rye. These crops aren’t for market. They’re for the soil. Their living roots will help prevent erosion over the winter and will feed the soil microbiology in a way that bare soil would not. It feels very rewarding to sow these seeds knowing that they’re giving back to the soil, which also worked all season to provide us food.

Of course, not everything’s perfect this October. Those fall brassicas I mentioned earlier? We’d have a lot more available if caterpillars weren’t having a smorgasbord on them right now. Also, a couple fall crops purposely didn’t get mentioned above. Rutabagas and storage kohlrabi have been all but completely destroyed by aphids this year. The tomatoes and eggplants were also healthier and produced much more fruit this time last year. Overall, between the wet weather and pest pressure, it’s been a tougher year than last.

Diversified farming helps to mitigate losses from weather, bugs, and other things out of farmers’ control. Some crops do poorly but others do ok! (Have you seen the escarole recently?! Just wait until you see the radicchio.) For now, we’ll keep harvesting what we have, enjoying the cool October weather, and getting the property buttoned up for winter. Up next: Dreaming up improvements for 2024.

-Kiersten

P.S. If all this talk of fall and winter has you bummed out, don’t fret! There’s still a good chunk of the 2023 season to be had. Dried flowers, sweet potatoes, and turmeric are all on their merry way!

Summer potluck and sweet potato experiments

After being thwarted by wind and rain in July, we were finally able to celebrate our second annual Shareholder Party! Hurricane Lee remained respectfully offshore and allowed us a beautiful, sunshine-y, end of summer day. 

If you’re unfamiliar with our Market Share program, members purchase a share at the beginning of the season. Share purchases provide cash for the farm at a crucial period when we need to purchase seeds and other inputs. Market Share members then use their credit (+ 10% extra) to buy vegetables throughout the growing season. 

Of course, we completely forgot to take any photos of people but DID take pictures of dogs! Here’s my dog, Olive, the Taylor’s new dog, Fig, and Peat of Beets & Blooms Farm fame!

Over the past 10 years, the shareholders have played an important role in supporting and growing the farm, and we were excited to show them where the magic happens. Rachel, Elise, and Aaron gave a tour of the fields, and we all enjoyed a delicious potluck - including dishes like Heather’s famous kale chips, Gerry’s farm-fresh veggie lasagna, and Adrian’s fried rice with shishitos.  

I thoroughly enjoyed romping around the fields and spending time with everyone outside of busy market days. One of the true joys of farming is feeding people that you know and care about. The relationships that I’ve built over the past four seasons are so meaningful to me and keep me motivated through the hot, humid summer days. It was fun to spend dedicated time on those relationships away from the market checkout table. So much fun, in fact, that I neglected to take any photos…

Alyssa’s son, Ezra, was kind enough to share his seat with a lovely bunch of collards!

As we officially enter the autumn season, some familiar vegetables are returning. Bok choy, mustards, and hakurei are back! And collards are here at last. The first beds of sweet potatoes have been harvested as well. They’re curing another week before they make their market debut.

Speaking of sweet potatoes, Market Share member Karen took home an armful of sweet potato leaves from the shareholder party for a culinary experiment. Stir-fried sweet potato leaves is a classic dish in a number of Asian countries. How would the leaves from the sweet potato variety that we grow, Mahon Yam*, work in the dish?


Petra and Alex say GREAT! Karen reported that blanching the leaves first created the best results. The leaves are then stir-fried with garlic, oyster sauce, and sesame oil. There’s a similar recipe that Aaron found in The Vegan Chinese Kitchen by Hannah Che. 

According to Karen, the Mahon Yam leaves tasted just right in the dish. For those of you (myself included) who have not yet tried stir-fried sweet potato leaves, the leaves have a mild, sweet flavor similar to spinach. Should we start bringing this crop to the markets? I think we owe Karen, Petra, and Alex royalties if so! 

-Kiersten

*This is a sweet potato not a yam. Yams are totally different plants, but basically not available in the US. Yam is used colloquially for sweet potato in the US.

Flower Power: A Spotlight on the CT Flower Collective

If you’re a flower fan (and who isn’t, really?), you're probably familiar with our flowers through the farmers’ markets. There’s another location our flowers go - the Connecticut Flower Collective


The Connecticut Flower Collective is a collaborative grower’s market, offering locally-grown specialty cut flowers to the floral industry. Four years ago, Elise and five other Connecticut flower growers created this organization in an effort to make local flowers more accessible to florists and designers. Individual flower farms often do not have the quantity and variety of flowers needed by florists. The options for these buyers were:

 1) spend hours coordinating with multiple local farms to source their stems or 

 2) use a larger wholesale provider with whom the origins of the flowers may not be clear. 

Enter the Connecticut Flower Collective! 

Today, the organization has grown to 25+ flower farms and hundreds of buyer members, including florists, photographers, and event planners. The Collective provides a single location where members can access local flowers at a scale previously unavailable in the region. The Collective simplifies the schedules of farmers as well. Rather than coordinating with individual florists and wedding planners, Elise can focus her time and energy on growing, harvesting, and preparing the flowers themselves and then deliver everything to one place. 

I don’t think it’s an understatement to say that the Connecticut Flower Collective is transforming the flower market in the state. By simplifying access for buyers, the Collective makes it easier for local, higher-quality flowers to be used in Connecticut weddings and events. By allowing flower farmers to focus on growing rather than selling, the availability of local flowers should grow as well.

On Wednesday, the Collective acts as a private farmers’ market for members to shop, but on Thursday-Saturday, the market opens to the public! The Collective also hosts events, including two upcoming workshops on lavender and fall flower arranging. If you’re interested in learning more and/or adding more flowers to your life, I would highly recommend a visit! 

Flowers all the way to the ceiling.

Dried flowers too!

If you’re shopping our farmers’ markets this week, you’ll see some of our most anticipated flowers of the year. Lisianthus have arrived! And finally! Elise seeded these plants all the way back in January. Yes, close to 8 months ago. The lisianthus flower looks like a faux rose and comes in gorgeous pastel colors. They’re well worth the wait. Dahlia harvest has begun too! The white varieties are grown in the protection of a high tunnel so that they remain pristine. The added warmth of the tunnel also means that this variety is the first ready to harvest. More and more colors and varieties will continue to make their appearance at the markets in the coming weeks.   

Also, HATS are here!!! All of us on the farm are rocking them, and you can, too! They’re for sale online and at the markets.

- Kiersten




Let’s get ready to tomatooo!

We’ve all been waiting for it. It’s tomato time! Time for tomato salads, tomato sandwiches, fresh tomato sauces, and even biting into sweet, delicious tomatoes like an apple if you’re feeling spunky. Tomato season should last for the next 2 -3 months, but it always feels so fleeting. I know everyone wants to make the most of it. So, let me run you through the roster for this year and answer some frequently asked tomato questions. 

First up is a longtime member of the team, the Goldie. Goldie has a bright orange-yellow color that lives up to its name and an incomparable, sweet flavor. Yellow tomatoes, in general, are usually less acidic and sweeter than red tomatoes. Goldie is also an heirloom tomato - which means it’s been cultivated for 50+ years! You’re clearly doing something right if you stick around that long.

More into pink than gold? Check out the German Johnson. If you’re familiar with a Brandywine tomato, German Johnson looks like its cousin. It has a deep pink, dare I say ruby, color. It’s a hybrid tomato, so it’s newer to the scene than an heirloom. It was also the first tomato to ripen this season and therefore the first tomato we taste tested. It was two thumbs up all around because everyone was too busy eating a second slice to exclaim outloud how delicious it tasted.  

They’re new; they’re flashy; it’s Hot Streak! Your eyes can’t miss this tomato on the market table. The red and orange stripes create a psychedelic kaleidoscope. The first ripe Hot Streak that I saw literally hypnotized me into harvesting it. It will add some glitz and glam to your tomato salad for sure - especially when paired with their fellow striped tomato, Green Zebra. Green Zebras have green and yellow stripes when ripe. Despite the green color, this is indeed a ripe tomato! Great for eating raw, not great for fried green tomatoes. 

Looking for a good ol’ slicing tomato for your sandwiches? Geronimo and the futuristically-named BHN589 have your back. These two red tomatoes are also stalwarts that have been members of the team for years. We like these fruits for their great shelf-life and quality flavor. Want to dabble with a yellow slicing tomato for your sandwich? Try BHN871 (also from the future). 

Let’s not forget the little siblings of these tomatoes. Cherry tomatoes are fun, sweet snacks and great additions to many salads and other dishes. Red and yellow cherry tomatoes are currently being harvested including The Sungolds, a.k.a. candy from a vine. Sauce tomatoes are also available this year. These plum-shaped tomatoes have a lower-water content, which makes them ideal for sauce-making.

How do I know if my tomato is ripe? The first clue is color. The deeper the color, the riper the tomato. The second clue is feel. In order to prevent bruising, we don’t recommend pressing on the tomatoes. However, if a tomato feels firm when you pick it up, it’s likely a couple days away from peak ripeness. If a tomato feels slightly soft or supple when you pick it up, eat it today or tomorrow. 

How should I store my tomato? Tomatoes like to be stored around 60 degrees Fahrenheit. We know that’s not practical for most home kitchens though. If you’ve selected a firmer tomato that’s a few days from ripe, leave it on the counter. Keep an eye on its color and firmness to determine when it’s best to eat. If you’ve selected a very ripe tomato, eat it right now! Or pop it in the fridge for a day or two to keep it from going around the bend before you can eat it. 

How do you grow such amazing tomatoes? Aww shucks! That’s so kind of you to say! We grow our tomatoes in the ground covered by a high tunnel. The high tunnel provides extra warmth to the plants as well as protection from pests. The plants get so much tender loving care throughout their lives. The team spends hours pruning, trellising, and fertigating (see July 2022 blog post). The tomato plants work hard for us, so we work hard for them!

Ready? Set? Tomatoooo! 

-Kiersten

Peas and news

Oh hello! And happy summer! The longest day of the year is just behind us, and the harvests are beginning to show it. I’ve been delighted to see many of you at the farmers’ markets so far this season. I’m excited to be back in written communication too.

The Madison and New Haven farmers’ markets are in full swing! Plant sale seedlings are on their way out for the year. Our food and flower offerings will continue to grow as the plants soak up the summer sun. You can also find Four Root Farm at a new market this year in East Haddam on Wednesdays from 3:30 - 6:30pm at Grange Hall. A variety of Four Root Farmers and other local residents will be representing the farm at this market. I know that the farm founders are looking forward to this opportunity to connect with people face-to-face in the town that they’ve called home for the past 9 years. Come say hi!

If you’re shopping at any of the markets (or on the online store) in the next couple weeks, you’ll be greeted with a variety of food. Salad mix, kale, chinese broccoli, and radishes will all hang around for a while. However, the real treats of June are the ever-ephemeral peas! We harvest them for just a few weeks in June and July, and I happen to think that it’s the most wonderful time of the year. I’ve eaten approximately 84,392 sugar snaps so far and am about to turn into one. If you see a walking, talking pea at the checkout table this weekend, that’s me.

Snow peas and shelling peas are back as well for the first time in years! Try out some of the new varieties and weigh in on whether we should grow them again next year. And speaking of new, there’s been an adorable addition to the farm this year…

Kimi, the mini truck! She hails from Kimitsu, Japan, and she is my favorite thing to ever happen on Four Root Farm (until we get a fluffy cow). Don’t let her size fool you! This girl can do anything a normal truck can, and she can do it with a tighter turning radius. I believe 23 seedling trays in the bed is the record so far? You can count for yourself below, and I’ll let you know when the record gets broken.

And in a final bit of fun personal news, a FRF contingent gathered at Beets & Blooms Farm last weekend to celebrate the wedding of Brittany and Caley! The blog post from September 2022 highlights these two long-time Four Root Farm employees and their new farm in East Hampton, CT. We were so honored to celebrate with them on a beautiful day on their beautiful property. In true farmer-fashion, Rachel secured special permission to take an unguided tour around their fields, Elise saved earthworms who tried to join the dance floor, and Caley lamented afterwards that she didn’t take the opportunity to show everyone their new dibbler (a farm tool used for spacing seedlings while planting). It was such a joy to be part of their celebration, and we stayed up dancing until waaaaay past my bedtime.

Maybe I’ll find Caley still out there in the pea forest!

I would share a photo of the farmers all cleaned up and dressed fancy, but we can’t have that sort of evidence out on the Internet. (Just kidding! We actually just had such an amazing time that I don’t think anyone stopped dancing long enough to take a photo.)

I think that’s all for now! If you need me, I’ll be in the peas.

-Kiersten